The State of Religion in Today’s China

December 19, 2010

The U.S. Department of State reports that China is officially atheist (and has been for thousands of years). However, Taoist, Buddhist, Christian and Muslims are allowed to worship in China and these religions have a significant role in the lives of many Chinese.

A February 2007 survey conducted by East China Normal University and reported in China’s state-run media concluded that 31.4% of Chinese citizens ages 16 and over are religious believers.

While the Chinese constitution affirms “freedom of religious belief,” the Chinese Government places restrictions on religious practice outside officially recognized organizations. The five state-sanctioned “patriotic religious associations” are Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Catholicism, and Protestantism.

Singapore, another nation in Asia, has similar restrictions.

Historically, China has not been accepting of cults, and there is a difference between a religion and a cult.

Princeton.edu says, cult members are “followers of an unorthodox, extremist, or false religion or sect who often live outside of conventional society under the direction of a charismatic leader.”

All one has to do is study China’s history to understand the Middle Kingdom’s sensitivity toward cults and political activists. China’s struggle with pagan cults reaches back almost a thousand years. Source: The Millennium Cult

There are no official statistics confirming the number of Taoists in China.


Fascinating discussion of how Chinese culture interacts with religions.

Official figures indicate there are 20 million Muslims, 20 million Protestants, and 5.3 million Catholics; unofficial estimates are much higher.

According to About Chinese Culture.com, there are more than 85,000 sites for religious activities, some 300,000 clergy and over 3,000 religious organizations throughout China. In addition, there are 74 religious schools and colleges run by religious organizations for training clerical personnel.

Buddhism, the most popular religion in China with about a 100 million followers, has a 2,000-year history in the Middle Kingdom and there are about 13,000 Buddhist temples.

Taoism, native to China, has a history of more than 1,700 years with over 1,500 temples.

Islam, which was introduced into China in the seventh century has more than 30,000 mosques.

At present, China has about 4,600 Catholic churches and meetinghouses.

Protestantism first arrived in China in the early 19th century. Today there are more than 12,000 churches and 25,000 meeting places.

Although Judaism is not listed as one of the officially recognized religions in China, there are Jewish synagogues in Beijing, Hong Kong and Shanghai.

Jews first settled in Kaifeng, Henan Province in 960 AD after arriving along the Silk Road. The Jews were welcomed by the Imperial government, which encouraged them to retain their cultural identity by building the Kaifeng synagogue, which was finished in 1163 AD.

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Lloyd Lofthouse is the award-winning author of the concubine saga, My Splendid Concubine & Our Hart. When you love a Chinese woman, you marry her family and culture too.

If you want to subscribe to iLook China, there is a “Subscribe” button at the top of the screen in the menu bar.


China’s PISA Pride

December 17, 2010

When I first visited China in 1999, my wife warned me that the Chinese men I might saw peeing or defecating in public parks (there weren’t many public toilets then—China started building public toilets to get ready for the 2008 Olympics) in Shanghai were peasants from rural China.

In fact, where my wife grew up in Shanghai (in the picturesque French sector), there was one toilet in a three-story house where several families lived and the stove was next to the toilet.

Since then, I learned that China is one country with many cultures and languages. Even rural and urban China is different as the US is to rural Mexico.

Rural China until recently is or was almost a kingdom from the Middle Ages while much of urban China was modern.

However, after the 1980s, hundreds of millions of rural Chinese migrated to the cities to find jobs that paid better than being a peasant still stuck in the Middle Ages.

Unfortunately, these people sometimes called Stick People brought their (uncivilized by Western standards) rural habits with them.

In 1999, I witnessed rural Chinese near Xian living in huts made of straw with dirt floors and no plumbing meaning no toilets.

This is what the Communist Party inherited when it came to power in 1949. The Party did not create this situation. After Mao died, the Communist Party had to rebuild an educational system that had been devastated by the Cultural Revolution and before then there was little or no educational system in rural China.

Most of the schools in China up until 1950s were in the cities and focused on educating the ruling class.

It wasn’t until the 1980s, that the Party Rebuilt China’s education system. Over time, the education system spread from urban to rural China where it is still being developed.

I don’t recall the exact stats I used in previous posts about the literacy level in China when Mao died, but I believe it was about 20% in 1976.

Imagine what the effort must have been for the Party to educate a population that was at least 80 percent illiterate in 1976 to today when randomly selected Chinese students in Shanghai earned the highest scores in the world on the PISA (Program for International Student Assessment) test beating 65 other nations. See: Time

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Lloyd Lofthouse is the award-winning author of the concubine saga, My Splendid Concubine & Our Hart. When you love a Chinese woman, you marry her family and culture too.

If you want to subscribe to iLook China, there is a “Subscribe” button at the top of the screen in the menu bar.


The Flaws of Democracy and Humanitarianism – Part 7/7

December 17, 2010

Left Coast Voices posted a piece about Liu Xiabo, a leader of the Chinese democracy movement, who won the latest Nobel Peace Prize. My response turned into a seven part series.

What is the freedom that Liu Xiabo wants for China? 

From today’s Western democratic perspective, it means the individual is king and may do whatever he or she wants even rape children, murder and steal with the knowledge that his or her rights are protected regardless of the crimes and suffering caused.

Then there is the Western, Christian concept that even violent murderers and/or rapists of infants may ask God for forgiveness, and that forgiveness will be granted no matter the crime—no matter the suffering caused in society.

Meanwhile, in China, other than restrictions on political dissent and a limited number of religious choices, the people are free to live any honest lifestyle he or she can afford to support, as is the case in the West.

As for religious freedom in China, that is not important to most Chinese since Religion in China has been characterized by pluralism since the beginning of recorded Chinese history as far back as five thousand years.

Chinese religions are family-oriented and do not demand the exclusive adherence of members.

Generally, the percentages of people who call themselves religious in China have been the lowest in the world. This does not mean that most Chinese do not believe in heaven or God.

They just do not need to belong to organized religions such as Christianity or Islam.

In fact, evidence in the West says that political dissent isn’t an important freedom since about half of the West’s eligible voters don’t vote anyway.

After all, nonvoters in America are too busy enjoying many of the freedoms that are now enjoyed by the citizens of China.

However, I admit that I enjoy my First Amendment rights as a US citizen, or I might not be writing this Blog defending China’s right to decide its political future.

As a US citizen, I do vote and express my political opinions, but I don’t stage public demonstrations as Liu Xiabo did in China. If you study the Chinese Constitution, you will discover that what he did could be considered illegal in China’s collective culture.

Return to The Flaws of Democracy and Humanitarianism – Part 6

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Lloyd Lofthouse is the award-winning author of the concubine saga, My Splendid Concubine & Our Hart. When you love a Chinese woman, you marry her family and culture too.

If you want to subscribe to iLook China, there is a “Subscribe” button at the top of the screen in the menu bar.


Self-esteem Movement Helps Cripple US Education System

December 16, 2010

On December 7, 2010, Sam Dillon wrote for the New York Times Top Test Scores From Shanghai Stun Educators.

If there is a country on the globe that raises children the opposite of how American children are raised, that country is China.

While America may be the ultimate individualist culture, China is the ultimate collective culture.

Chinese mothers love their children but do not tell lies that inflate false self-esteem. Instead, Chinese mothers may often tell their children they are not beautiful and intelligent and must work harder but the odds are against them succeeding anyway.

I know. I’m married to a Chinese mother who told our daughter that message all the way through the public schools causing her to work all the harder believing everyone else was smarter. She also told our daughter if she earned bad grades, she would break both her legs and send her to China to live with peasants.

Our daughter graduated from high school with a 4.65 GPA and was accepted to Stanford.

Recently, for the first time, students in Shanghai, China took the PISA test (Program for International Student Assessment), and those 5,100 students selected at random in Shanghai, beat out 65 countries in every category.

The United States ranked 26th. The video embedded with this post talks about how the teachers unions in the US are responsible.

However, the Myth of the “Bad Teacher” is dealt a deserved blow at Daily Censored.com by Adam Bessie, so I will not spend much time debunking that myth.

Bessie says, “The only problem with the ‘Bad Teacher’ myth, as anyone involved with education is intimately aware of, is that problems in education are anything but simple.… This myth, while appealing, stands in the way of real educational reform, by misdirecting the public’s attention from the socio-economic conditions that make for a poor learning – and living – environment.”

A bigger culprit was and still is the American Self-esteem movement, which is responsible for the dummying down of American textbooks while pressuring teachers to inflate grades so kids at the bottom of the performance scale don’t feel bad about themselves.

How do I know that? I was a teacher in the US public schools for thirty years and was always under pressure to inflate grades.  More than once, we were told not to use red ink to correct student work since studies said it hurt self-esteem.

What explains the performance of the Chinese students that beat every nation tested in every category of the PISA test?

Shanghai students apparently were told the test was important for China’s image.  In a collective culture where the whole is more important than the individual, the students would be motivated to do their best.

In Dillon’s New York Times piece this question was asked, “Can you imagine the reaction if we told the students of Chicago that the PISA was an important international test and that America’s reputation depended on them performing well?”

Since I taught thirty years in the US public schools, I can answer that question easily. I often told my students how important it was for the school that the students did well on standardized state tests then witnessed kids who never did the homework but had a high sense of false self-esteem finish two to three hour tests in less than ten minutes.

Then when those same students scored low, parents, the media and politicians blamed “the mythical” bad teachers.

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Lloyd Lofthouse is the award-winning author of the concubine saga, My Splendid Concubine & Our Hart. When you love a Chinese woman, you marry her family and culture too.

If you want to subscribe to iLook China, there is a “Subscribe” button at the top of the screen in the menu bar.


The Flaws of Democracy and Humanitarianism – Part 6/7

December 16, 2010

Left Coast Voices posted a piece about Liu Xiabo, a leader of the Chinese democracy movement, who won the latest Nobel Peace Prize. My response turned into a seven part series.

Another flaw behind this concept of Christian dominated, Western Humanitarianism and democracy led to the 2008 global financial crises which left a few individual Wall Street bankers very rich while causing about 64 trillion US dollars in global loses leading to tens of millions of vanished jobs and much suffering for people around the world.

In China, the West’s concept of Humanitarianism will not work well, since the safety, stability and harmony of the group is more important than the individual—the opposite of Western style Humanitarianism as advocated by the Nobel Peace Prize committee and Liu Xiabo.

For example, those US bankers that brought down the global economy in 2008 are still free to cause more global economic havoc while growing larger personal fortunes.

In China, the men that caused the 2008 financial crises would have been executed or locked up for life for the financial loses and suffering that was caused by unbridled individual greed. Many of the employees that worked for these men may have also earned prison sentences.

If you want to learn who those men were, I recommend visiting the Website for Inside Job, a documentary of the global financial crises.

Return to The Flaws of Democracy and Humanitarianism – Part 5

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Lloyd Lofthouse is the award-winning author of the concubine saga, My Splendid Concubine & Our Hart. When you love a Chinese woman, you marry her family and culture too.

If you want to subscribe to iLook China, there is a “Subscribe” button at the top of the screen in the menu bar.